The Parisian club has now claimed the season-opening trophy on 14 separate occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the match featuring the French league champions and the French Cup holders after the French winger opened the net in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille struck twice in the closing moments to take a surprise advantage. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital leveler in the dying moments to force the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping crucial attempts from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 shootout win.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the past 13 years.